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Ko nga ngoikoretanga i puta ai te whakawera e taea ana te wehewehe ki te ahua o te papa hitori o te paparanga o waho, penei i te tuku Ko te tohatoha o te pāmahana i roto i te Billet, ko te taumahatanga o roto (penei i te ahotea o te pāmahana, te ahotea o te kiko) he nui rawa atu, ko te billet cracking {{2}
{{0} decarbolization
Ko te Decarbolization e tohu ana ko te waro i runga i te paparanga o te whakarewa, na reira ka tino whakaitihia te kiko waro o te paparanga mata ki te ao o roto.
Ko te hohonu o te paparanga decarbolization e hono ana ki te kohinga o te konupora, he ngawari te pāmahana, me te maitai o te koriri i tenei pāmahana {{0} {1 {1} {1} {{1}
Ka whakaitihia e Decparbization te kaha me te ngenge o nga waahanga, ka ngoikore ana te reihi i te rewena {{0}
{{0} Whakanui Carbon
Ko te wareware i te wera o te oumu hinu i te mata o te paparanga o te apiha waro, me te kohinga waro)
Ko te nuinga tenei i roto i te keehi o te whakawera hinu, ka tata te piiko ki te waahi o te hinu, na reira kaore e puta te whakakotahitanga o te hau.
Ko te whakapiki i te karamu e hanga ana i te mahinga o te kino o te kino, a he ngawari ki te tapahi i te wa e tapahi ana {{0}
{{0} retheat
He nui rawa te tohu mo te pāmahana whakawera o te billet whakarewa, i te rahinga o te pāmahana maimoatanga maimoatanga ranei, na te pāmahana waiariki {{0}
Ko te kowhatu o te kowhatu korukoru, i te wa e kitea ana te kowhatu o te karaihe. Ka puta te pakaru o te kowhatu, he kowhatu ranei te rahi o te kiko, na te rahi o te witi, na te nui o te witi, ka whakaitihia nga taonga miihini, ina koa ko te paanga uaua {{6}
I muri i te maimoatanga wera o te wera (wareware, quanching), ka taea te whakapai ake i te hanganga rino me te mahinga o te mahinga. me te tino kikii i te kowiri maitai a te kowiri maitai i muri i te panuitanga o te ao (tae atu ki te rongoa o te pāmahana), kaore e taea te whakakore i te kiko o te pāmahana.
{{0} nui rawa te wera
Ko te tikanga o te kohinga o te konupora whakarewa, kei te mau tonu i te hononga whakawera i waenga i te oumu, me te whakakaha i te kirihou o te He rauemi nui te whakarewa me te wera nui ka pakaru me te tango i te matotoru, ka puta nga kapiti ki te wera i te wa e toia ana e koe.
I te nuinga o te rohe o te kowhatu ka rewa te witi, me te kowiri tira. Ko te rohe o te rohe e rewa ana te porowhita me te mahara ki te konumohe i te wa e ngaro ana i muri i te wera, kaore e taea te ora, me werohia kia {ve {6}
5. Karaka
I te wa e whakawera ana i te rahinga nui me te rahi o te billet me te nui o te uara o te billet e tika ana ki te kaha o te pāmahana. ka puta mai i te pokapū ki te rohe e karapoti ana i te takiwa, te hanga i te katoa o nga waahanga katoa o te waa .
{{0} Chipper Crisp
Ka tohaina te kapiti parahi ki te mata o te murunga o te riri, ka tohatohahia te parahi kowhai kowhai (he otinga totoka ranei) i te taha o te witi {{1}
When the billet is heated, such as the residual copper oxide in the furnace, the oxide steel is reduced to free copper at high temperature, and the molten steel atoms expand along the austenite grain boundary, which weakens the connection between the grains. In addition, when the copper content in the steel is higher [>2% (hautanga papatipu), penei i te whakawera i roto i te hau o te hāora, ka hangaia te paparanga parahi i raro i te kiri o te rino, ka puta ano hoki te puranga maitai {{2}
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